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Outcome-based budgeting is a comprehensive approach that considers the inputs, outputs, and outcomes to be achieved with public funds.

The COVID-19 pandemic shows the importance of real-time learning in adapting interventions to an uncertain and rapidly changing situation.

Explore equity, quasi-equity, and other non-debt assistance and structural reforms to protect small businesses from COVID-19 and other shocks.

To mainstream PPPs in the water sector, implement a holistic governance framework, foster an enabling environment, and incorporate transaction design.

In Indonesia, a rating system encourages companies to step up efforts in controlling water pollution.

Proactive government policies and strong institutions help reduce the human and economic costs of COVID-19.  

In Maldives, community participation played a key role in the recovery of affected communities after the 2004 tsunami.

The availability of insurance for high-risk projects gives investors the confidence to pursue green investments.

Upskilling through TVET and STEM education can help prepare female workers for the automation of apparel manufacturing in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 

This piece discusses how central banks can take the lead in addressing climate-related risks in the finance sector.